Buying and using balms

How to read any balm label, judge any claim and choose sensibly, plus what the evidence really says about chapped lips, tallow, eczema and petroleum jelly.

These pages are for people who buy balms rather than make them. The aim is not to tell you what to purchase, it is to make you the sort of reader who can pick up any tin, read the back of it, and know roughly what is in there and how it will behave.

Where a popular claim is examined, we try to separate three things clearly: what is physically well established, what is plausible but thinly evidenced, and what is simply marketing. Quite a lot of what circulates about balms falls into the second category, and saying so is more useful than picking a side.

Not medical advice

Nothing in this section diagnoses or treats anything. Where a symptom deserves a clinician, we say so plainly rather than suggesting an ingredient. See the safety disclaimer.

Judge any product yourself

The skills, rather than a list of things to buy.

Claims examined

Popular beliefs, weighed against what is actually known.

Skin, allergies and sensitivities

What a balm can and cannot do for a skin condition, and the ingredients most likely to cause trouble.

Situations

Cold weather, small children, and the everyday decisions.

Babies, children and pregnancy

Where the margin for error is smallest and the marketing is loudest.